ENVIRONMENTAL CONDITIONS
Work environment conditions may differ due to seasonal or geographical reasons. Like, for example: extremely cold, extremely hot, windy and direct sunlight.

> Application in cold environments (under +5°C) is ill-advised.  Application should be delayed until ambient temperature reaches this. This temperature is the lowest at which cement based mortars set.
It is also il-advised to apply in very hot weather (over +35°C). The ambient temperature should be allowed to fall to suitable level. (Between +5°C / +35°C) At least, effects of high temperature should be decreased by wetting the surface and the ceramic.
> In the case of working under wind and direct sunlight, because planned work durations will decrease, work efficiency will decrease in such conditions. Under mandatory conditions, wet the surface or use Kalekim primer for better results. Moreover, mortar should be applied to the surface with shorter intervals or oiling method should be used.

SURFACE EXAMINATION AND SURFACE PREPARATION
> New surfaces: Surfaces (like concrete, plaster and grout) must be sound and must have set for 3-4 weeks. Substances preventing adhesion such as release agents should be cleaned and irregular surfaces should be leveled with TamirArt repair mortars. 

> Old surfaces: To achieve a healthy application on old surfaces, soundness of the surfaces must be examined with care. If the surface scratches easily under examination with a hammer, a chisel or a nail, it should be scraped off until sound surface is reached and broken, cracked and weak surfaces must be repaired with repair mortars. Irregularities on horizontal surfaces and unlevel surfaces must be leveled with Mastar 10 leveling mortar.
In addition, all mortar, oil, dirt, etc. must be completely cleaned from the surface before applying as it will negatively affect adhesion.

> Absorbing surfaces: When applying on surfaces with high water absorption (plaster block, plaster panel, aerated concrete, wood, etc.) surface absorbtivity is removed with Kalekim primer to prevent mortar from losing water quickly and causing weak adhesion.

> Surfaces with ceramic lining: If ceramic lining will be applied on existing lining material; check the lining first with a hammer. If unsound, weakly fixed ceramics exist, fix them or remove these and fill the gap with TamirArt repair mortars.

> Painted surfaces: If ceramics will be lined on painted surface, the surface must be examined first. Any loose and swollen places must be scraped off. It is recommended to sandstone or scratch the surface to increase adhesive power of the mortar.

> Wooden-OSB surfaces: Unsecured parts must be fastened, broken and ruptured ones must be replaced. The surface must be primed Kalekim Primer. For long application life, fixing must be done with mesh or fixing must be done after applying TamirArt repair mortar (with mesh). Together with these, showing care for work environment is utmost important.

Three international methods are used in application of fixing mortars. The main purpose here is covering the lining plate back with mortar to ensure no gaps are left.
The trowel type used with these methods is also complementary in this respect.

1- RAKING METHOD
This is the most widely used method in fixing small and medium sized lining materials on thin layer mortars.
After spreading the fixing mortar with normal hand trowel pressing strongly on the surface to be lined, it is raked with a notched trowel of tooth size suiting the tile size holding trowel at a 45° to 60° angle.
After this process the lining material is fixed to the raked surface pressing strongly. In addition, to ensure better spreading and sticking of mortar on the back of the lining material, the lining material is fixed and leveled with the help of a rubber or wooden hammer.

2- OILING METHOD
This is a method used in fixing small and medium sized lining materials on thin layer mortars.
The fixing mortar is pasted as a layer on the back of the lining material with normal hand trowel, leaving no gaps at corners and sides and it is stuck on the surface. After that, to ensure better spreading and sticking of mortar on the back of the lining material, the lining material is fixed and leveled with the help of a rubber or wooden hammer.

3- COMBINED METHOD
This is a method used with medium bedding mortars. This method must be used for fixing large size lining materials, on floors subject to heavy pedestrian and freight traffic, at places with cold climate and in external façade applications.  
The fixing mortar is both pasted on the surface and raked as in the raking method and pasted on the back of the lining material in a thin layer as in the oiling method. After this, to ensure better spreading and sticking of mortar on the back of the lining material, the lining material is fixed and leveled with the help of a rubber or wooden hammer.
Consumption will increase approximately 30% in applications made with the combined method.

Points To Be Paid Attention In Cement Based Fixing Mortar Applications:
1. In the first place show care to add the powder on the water and this addition process to be made slowly. Otherwise, you cannot ensure homogeneity and prevent lump  formation.
2. Pay attention to surface preparation criteria.
3. Use the appropriate fixing method to ensure effective fixing. (See: Fixing Methods)
4. When you give a break, mix the mortar in the container before restarting application.
5. When applying in spaces open to sunlight, mix the mortar in the container to protect its surface from drying.
6. Dump away old or caked mortar; do not mix it with fresh mortar.
7. While applying large size lining materials with double components, continue laying horizontally and do not pass to the upper row before the finished row gains its initial strength. Leave an expansion seam horizontally and vertically every 3.5 m.
8. Use the combined fixing method when working with large sized or heavy lining materials.
9. When the fixing process is finished, protect the application space from water and frost for at least 1 day.